An increase in temperature typically increases the rate of reaction. An increase in temperature will raise the average kinetic energy of the reactant molecules. Therefore, a greater proportion of molecules will have the minimum energy necessary for an effective collision (Figure. 17.5 “Temperature and Reaction Rate”).
GreaterSurfaceArea
The rate of a chemical reaction can be raised by increasing the surface area of a solid reactant. ... more particles are exposed to the other reactant. there are more collisions. the rate of reaction increases.
Catalysts
A catalyst is a substance that can be added to a reaction to increase the reaction rate without getting consumed in the process. Catalysts typically speed up a reaction by reducing the activation energy or changing the reaction mechanism.
Endosymbiotic theory is a theory of evolution that eukaryotes came from prokaryotes. Mitochondria and chloroplasts both have the double membranes. Each of them also contain genetic material that are replicated with a separate cell cycle. Both organelles have their own ribosomes.
