<span>The waxy covering on plant leaves, young stems, and fruit is called the "cuticle". It is composed of cutin, a wax-like material produced by the plant that is chemically a hydroxy fatty acid. The purpose of this covering is to help the plant retain water.</span>
The homeostasis of the human body works like a machine set at a particular standard. If the factors deviate from the standard values, the homeostatic mechanism come into action.
For example, if a cell requires certain protein, the respective genes get a signal and get activated. The cell start synthesizing the protein and when sufficient amount is made, there is a feedback loop, which allows the same protein to stop the synthesis as well. A lot of organs and cellular systems are involved in regulating the synthesis of this protein.
This is similar to the cooling system. If we set the temperature of the cooling system to certain degree, it will start cooling the room till the required temperature is reached. As soon as the temperature is acquired, the system cut-off automatically and the required temperature is maintained.
Cellular respiration is the process that take place in the mitochondrion of a cell, it involves use of glucose from photosynthesis to produce energy in form of ATP and formation of CO2 and water. In this case, the Carbon dioxide formed passively diffuses out of the cell and Oxygen is pumped in and forces CO2 out. In this process oxygen acts as a electron acceptor.
Bacterial responses to antibiotics are concentration-dependent. At high concentrations, antibiotics exhibit antimicrobial activities on susceptible cells, while subinhibitory concentrations induce diverse biological responses in bacteria.
