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When American colonists protested the idea of taxation without representation, what Enlightenment idea were they demonstrating?

sveticcg [70]

The colonists protested British taxes policies because they were taxed without representation. They believe that Taxation without representation was tyranny as it is cruel and oppressive government or rule. It is one of the major causes of the America Revolution.

5 0

3 years ago

What is securalism?

sineoko [7]

I've heard individuals say things like, "You have to be secular," "I am secular," etc. even in academic contexts. Then there are some who despise secularism as the ruin of this nation. Secularism is viewed as a moral value by the pro-Secularism camp. According to the anti-Secilarim camp, it is equivalent to minoritarianism.

Both parties are mistaken and misinformed.

First and foremost, we need to understand that secularism is NOT for INDIVIDUALS. For the SYSTEM, that is.

Since secularism and religious freedom are mutually exclusive, no constitution that protects religious freedom can also impose secularism on its citizens. A separation from religion is secularism. It is the system, not the individual, that is required to dissociate.

The term "System" designates the complete administrative framework, including each of its constituent and contributing parts. The System includes everything that has to do with administration, formulation and application of policy, and law and justice. These must all be unbiased toward religion. The secular discipline also applies to the political organizations that take part in the process of electing the legislative bodies. Therefore, when a political party makes the claim that it is "secular," it is attempting the age-old ruse of constructing a virtue out of a need. It cannot be anything but secular. Similar to this, a government cannot avoid being secular. The courts, bureaucracy, and legislature all operate similarly. When we refer to ourselves as a "secular nation," we mean this.

Being Secular entails being cut off from Religion. This is a requirement of the Government, not of the people who make up the Government. The same is true of the other institutions that make up the democratic system. Secularism is an institution's character, not the personality of its employees. For instance, the Prime Minister must maintain his secularity while doing his official duties, but not in his personal life. Although the members who make up a political party are allowed to follow their faith, the essence of the organization's operations must be secular. Most individuals are unaware of this.

Secularism, as a constitutional ideal, is, nevertheless, consistently violated by the political and administrative establishments, both in letter and in spirit. A secular government cannot use its policies and programs to favor or disparage any religion. However, we see that governments, both at the federal level and at the state level, flagrantly break this cardinal rule by enacting religiously-specific social assistance programs that favor certain people while excluding others. Other fundamental protections, such equality and the prohibition of discrimination based on race, religion, or other factors, are also infringed as a result. This flagrant constitutional breach is not questioned or opposed.

The canvassing of votes in the name of religion is expressly prohibited. This is what the law says:

"Section 123(3) of the Act* prohibits canvassing by an electoral candidate to woo voters in the name of race, caste, religion, community and language. It also prohibits usage of religious symbols or national symbols or flag for canvassing purposes. Usage of the aforesaid are considered to be corrupt practices. The electoral candidates cannot promise any public policy which they propose to implement on being successful."

[*The 'Act' refers to the Representation of the People Act 1951]

Despite the fact that this is the law, the reality during election season is the complete reverse. Why doesn't anyone challenge it? Why doesn't anyone care about it? Every day we chant hymns to secularism, yet when it comes to actual practice, we disrespect it in spirit and soul. That is the major flaw in our democratic system.

Secularism itself is not the bad guy; its improper use is.

Thank you,

Eddie

5 0

2 years ago

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"the law locks up both man and woman who steals the goose from off the common, but lets the greater felon loose who steals the c

rusak2 [61]

This refers to the Enclosure movement which was prominent in Britain from the 18th century to the 19th century. Enclosure means to divide or consolidate the communal lands and small holding into what we now see as one big farm which was owned by an individual. This meant that the villagers could no longer, as they could before that, use that land to raise livestock among other things.

6 0

4 years ago

- What has been the us response to the fact that several leftist governments have been democratically-elected in latin america i

uysha [10]

Until the end of the nineteenth century, the United States had a special relationship, primarily with nearby Mexico and Cuba. Otherwise, relationships with other Latin American countries were of minor importance to both sides, consisting mostly of a small amount of trade. Apart from Mexico, there was little migration to the United States, and little American financial investment. Politically and economically, Latin America (apart from Mexico and the Spanish colony of Cuba) was largely tied to Britain. The United States had no involvement in the process by which Spanish possessions broke away and became independent around 1820. In cooperation with and help from Britain, the United States issued the Monroe Doctrine in 1823, warning against the establishment of any additional European colonies in Latin America.

Texas, settled primarily by Americans, fought a successful war of independence against Mexico in 1836. Mexico refused to recognize the independence and warned that annexation to the United States meant war. Annexation came in 1845 and war in 1846. The American military was easily triumphant. The result was the American purchase of New Mexico, Arizona, California and adjacent areas. About 60,000 Mexicans remained in the new territories and became US citizens. France took advantage of the American Civil War (1861–65), using its army to take over Mexico regardless of strong American protests. With the US victorious in the war, France pulled out, leaving its puppet emperor to his fate in front of a Mexican firing squad.

The Anglo-Venezuelan boundary dispute of Guayana Esequiba in 1895 asserted for the first time a more outward-looking American foreign policy, particularly in the Americas, marking the United States as a world power. This was the earliest example of modern interventionism under the Monroe Doctrine in which the USA exercised its claimed prerogatives in the Americas.

As unrest in Cuba escalated in the 1890s the United States demanded reforms that Spain was unable to accomplish. The result was the short successful Spanish–American War of 1898, in which United States acquired Puerto Rico, and set up a protectorate over Cuba under the Platt Amendment rule passed as part of the 1901 Army Appropriations Bill. The building of the Panama Canal absorbed American attention from 1903. The US facilitated a revolt that made Panama independent, and set up the Panama Canal Zone as an American owned and operated district that was finally returned to Panama in 1979. The Canal opened in 1914, and proved a major factor in world trade. United States paid special attention to protection of the military approaches to the Panama Canal, including threats by Germany. Repeatedly it seized temporary control of several countries, especially Haiti and Nicaragua.

3 0

3 years ago

How do I answer the vocabulary practice question?

777dan777 [17]

We can not see the full question?

3 0

3 years ago

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