In order to determine the answer for this, we much look at the 4 factors of production: land, labor, capital, and entrepreneurship. When it comes to industrialization, those nations that had these four capitals could easily follow suit. These were mostly those countries that were following the capitalist path. Taking America for example, the North was heavily industrialized due to it having plenty land for industries, labor readily available, capital in terms of investments, and people willing to start industries and businesses. Being a capitalist country, the government encouraged new businesses.
hmm thats a tough one because an effective leader would need a little of both to know what to do in the times of crisis and then follow through with his plan.
Hitler physically invaded Austria, although he also had some support from within the country, from people who believed all Austrians should be Germans. The invasion was later made to look like a voluntary incorporation with the helped of a staged referendum.
The Mexican-American war came from America taking Texas. Then that allowed us to receive even more land, more than 500,000.