<span> D. Ionic bonds...........................................................................</span>
Refined carbohydrates tend to be much in lower in
fiber and vitamins than whole grains. These are complex carbs that have had fiber removed from them
leaving reproduce simple carbohydrates. These are rapidly absorbed causing a
blood sugar increase, which is followed by some crash. During the milling
process, the germ and bran is peeled and the grain's endosperm is crushed. The
final product becomes easier to gnaw and digest. The main reason manufacturers
process the grain is to lengthen shell life.
Largest energy found in the lowermost portion of the trophic level near "Producers" 'cause as it passes through the higher trophic levels, it get decreased by 10% at each step, according to Lindmann's 10% law!!
Hope this helps!!
The answer is a. I'm pretty sure
Answer:
The citric acid cycle is fundamental to produce the energy needed for aerobic cell metabolism, thereby mutations in the enzymes involved in this metabolic pathway would be lethal to the individual
Explanation:
In aerobic organisms, the citric acid cycle (also known as the Krebs cycle), is a key metabolic pathway used to remove electrons and uses them in the electron transport chain in order to generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the energy currency of the cell. The citric acid cycle depends on eight enzymes that oxidize acetyl-CoA into two molecules each of carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O). Thus, the citric acid cycle is a series of chemical reactions that are key to breakdown carbohydrates, fats and proteins into CO2 and H2O in order to produce energy (ATP).
