The working conditions were not good at all, and the wage they were paid were also not enough
I believe the answer is: education for all japanese children
At that time, the meiji government invested heavily in their educaiton system, by hiring high skilled teachers and improving the infrastructures around schools. They believed that it is a necessary steps for their society to abandon millitary absed approach to improve their economy and shifted into the industrialisation society.
The answer is the first one.
Nixon and Leonid Brezhnev marked the ABM Treaty and break SALT concurrence on May 26, 1972, in Moscow. Surprisingly amid the Cold War, the United States and the Soviet Union had consented to restrain the quantity of atomic rockets in their weapons stores.
Europeans, but if you want specific, the first one is Spain
hope this helps