Explanation:
-increases genetic variation
-increases the fitness of a species
Further Explanation:
All the genetic information within the eukaryotic cell is stored within the nucleus as helical DNA. This DNA is tightly wound around histones as chromosomes. To produce daughter cells during cell division, the chromosomes (total number of chromosomes (2n)) are copied before the cell splits into two daughter cells. This process is known as mitosis, and occurs in cell division and growth processes. Two new nuclei are formed, along with identical cells. These are the same as the parent cell and the chromosome number (2n) is maintained.
Conversely in meiosis, the number of chromosomes (2n) is halved through meiotic divisions, producing 4 (n) germ cells (sperm or eggs), each containing half the number of chromosomes as its parent cell. During the process of cell division, spontaneous changes within the genome can arise. These mutations are errors occur when copies of the DNA within the cell are made; mutations may range from small changes called single nucleotide polymorphisms, to large scale deletions, and additions which span multiple genes. There are two types:
- somatic: these only occur within certain cells, and arise from environmental factors such as UV light
- hereditary: occur within germ cells of the parent and later the fertilized egg which forms a zygote; these are present within all cells of the new organism.
Like other events, such as crossing over during mitosis and meiosis, mutations lead to increases in genetic variation. This variation refers to the genetic characteristics present within a species. Mutations are maintained within cells, as they form new traits called alleles, which may confer adaptations that increase the fitness of a species, along with ensuring survival by conferring a protective advantage
.
e.g. sickle cell anemia, a disease caused by a mutation, confers protection against the disease malaria.
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Answer:
The given pedigree analysis shows sex-linked trait where the female work as a carrier and have X linked recessive gene that is 
and the male is normal.
So, Fred will be a male with 
gene and Fred will be affected with X linked disease which is carried by female.
If, gene in the female (Ann) act as a carrier of hemophilia and the male (John) is normal, then Fred will be a male affected with hemophilia (sex linked disease).
Hence, Fred will be affected male with genotype.
The kidneys can regulate water levels in the body; they conserve water if you are dehydrated, and they can make urine more dilute to expel excess water if necessary.
Answer:
R (capital letter) is the dominant allele so the phenotype is the same
Explanation:
Answer:
The correct answer is option B, that is, fungi.
Explanation:
The body of a fungus is formed of tiny tubes or filaments known as hyphae. It comprises nuclei and cytoplasm. A tangled mass of hyphae is known as mycelium, which enhances the surface area of the fungi to captivate more nutrients.
Fungi are eukaryotic, most of the fungi are multicellular, while some are unicellular like yeast. The cell walls of fungi are formed of chitin in place of cellulose like that found in a plant. Thus, the mentioned organism belongs to fungi category.
