The metabolism converts nutrients into energy or materials for growth, reproduction, repair, and maintenance.
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Composite volcanoes (or stratovolcanoes) typical have a sloping lower side that grows steeper until it reaches the top. Its side is layered with hardened lava, mud, and ashes from previous eruptions. Its rocks may vary from basalts to rhyolite, but the usual kinds of rocks that are layered on composite volcanoes are andesitic.
The answer is D: A gradual change in a species over time.
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Transpiration: The release of water from plant leaves. Transpiration is the process by which moisture is carried through plants from roots to small pores on the underside of leaves, where it changes to vapor and is released to the atmosphere. Transpiration is essentially evaporation of water from plant leaves.