Answer:
D) secrete a cytokine that triggers apoptosis
Explanation:
Cytotoxic T cells also known as killer cells are lymphocytes that can kill foreign cells (also cancer cells, damaged and infected cells). They express specific type of receptors called T-cell receptors (TCRs) which recognize antigen of foreign cells. Cytotoxic T cells release cytotoxins such as perforin and granzymes and their role is to trigger the signal cascade in the target cell that will lead to apopotsis.
P ( fail U infection ) = P ( fail ) + P ( infection ) - P ( fail AND infection )
==>
0.03 + 0.16 - 0.01 = -.18
==>
P ( success AND infection-free )
==>
1 - 0.18 = 0.82
==>
Therefore, 82 percent of these operations succeed and are free from infection.
" This is the most stupidest answer / question ever!"
Answer:yes
Explanation:
Ion pumps are assemblies of integral membrane proteins, like ion channels, that modulate ion transport into and out of a cell or organelle, leading to generation of electrical signals. Ion pumps, however, work against their concentration gradient, so require energy input, but the energy can also be derived from the concentration gradient of another ion.
My suggestion is to take plenty of notes and write definitions