Answer:
Antibiotic resistance occurs when bacteria do some variation in their genome that allows bacteria to eliminate the effect of antibacterial drugs. Irregular or excessive antibiotics use is the main cause of generating antibiotic resistance bacteria.
So antibiotics should be taken only on the prescription of doctors and a complete course of antibiotics should be done to eliminate all the bacteria so that no bacteria is left to generate antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
Antibiotics should be avoided in viral infection as antibiotic does not kill viruses as it is only beneficial in bacterial infection.
Answer:
Innate; adaptive
Explanation:
Immunity is the ability of an organism immune system to provide protection against pathogens. The immune system comprises of Innate and adaptive immune system.
The innate immune system is non-specific immune response to foreign substance and it comprises of physical barriers such as skin, chemicals and immune cells.
Adaptive immune response is specific immune response to particular antigen. It comprises mainly of T and B cells. In adaptive immune response the antibodies are produced and memory is created in exposure to specific antigen. So when next time that foreign antigen enters the body, it will produce the same specific immune response because of memory.
Answer:
Once mitosis is complete, the cell has two groups of 46 chromosomes, each enclosed with their own nuclear membrane. The cell then splits in two by a process called cytokinesis, creating two clones of the original cell, each with 46 monovalent chromosomes.
Explanation:
Optical Microscopy. Hope this helps
Glycogen is stored in the sarcoplasm region of a muscle fiber.
