Answer:
1. Cytogenetic mapping.
2. Linkage mapping.
3. Physical mapping.
Explanation:
1.<u> Cytogenetic mapping - Gene localization using microscope.</u>
A cytogenetic mapping is defined as the visual appearance of genes when seen by using microscope. The genes are stained and seeing under microscope that shows visually distinct regions, called dark and light bands and provide unique appearance to the genes.
2. <u>Linkage mapping - recombination distance s measured using genetic crosses.
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Linkage mapping is done using linkage analysis by observing the genes linked to the offspring. It do not show physical distances but only shows genetic distances and how the two genes inherited together.
3. <u>Physical mapping - Determine nucleotide sequence distance using DNA cloning.</u>
Physical mapping is a technique by which physical distance between DNA base pairs can be evaluated with the help of DNA makers and also determine DNA base pairs sequences with high accuracy.
Two Pyruvate, two NADH(Waste product), and two ATP
It ends as
<span>Glucose + 2 ATP ----> 2 Pyruvate + 2 NADH + 4 ATP
Thus you have a net gain of two ATP</span>
Answer:
B
Explanation:
Both traits on the left are dominant meaning the offspring would take on that trait no matter what.
Answer:
D
Explanation:
Bohr determined that there are discrete (unique, different from one another) energy levels in the atom and that electrons will orbit the nucleus within these energy levels, known as orbitals.
Biological macromolecules are important cellular components, they have a wide array of functions necessary for survival and growth of living organisms. There are four major classes of biological macromolecules
-carbohydrates
-lipids
-proteins
-nucleic acids.