Answer:
- Contains myelinated axons: White matter
- Posterior column: White matter
- Located to the periphery of the spinal cord: White matter
- Gracile fasciculus: White matter
- Anterior spinocerebellar tract: White matter
- Medial vestibulospinal tract: White matter
- Marked by low myelination: Gray matter
- Functions to integrate arriving electrical signals: Gray matter
- Contains somas, synapses, and dendrites: Gray matter
- Tectospinal tract: White matter
- Functions to transmit electrical signals rapidly over long distances: White matter
- Lateral horn: Gray matter
- Ventral horn: Gray matter
Explanation:
Both the brain and the spinal cord contain white matter and gray matter. White matter is the tissue responsible for information transmission (i.e., axons); whereas gray matter is mostly involved in information processing (i.e., neuron bodies). White matter is composed of myelinated axons which extend out from the neuron bodies and glial cells, and this tissue connects different areas of the cerebral cortex (i.e., the outer layer of the brain). Moreover, gray matter is composed of neuronal cell bodies or 'soma' that contain the neuron’s nucleus and unmyelinated axons. Gray matter also has glial cells and capillary blood vessels; whereas white matter also has oligodendrocytes that produce myelin and astrocytes. The color of the white matter is caused by the myelin that surrounds the axons; while the color of the gray matter is due to the capillary blood vessels and neuronal cell bodies. In the cerebrum and cerebellum, white matter is observed in deep areas coated by gray matter; whereas, in the spinal cord, the white matter surrounds the central gray matter. White matter is involved in normal motor and sensory function, this tissue is responsible for learning and coordinating communication between different brain regions. Moreover, grey matter is involved in muscle control and sensory function (e.g., hearing, vision, memory, emotions, speech, decision making, etc).
