C. Orthodox interpretations, because orthodox means traditional, and if someone follows tradition they are not changing anything.
Answer:
despite the risks, were essential to an egalitarian social and political system.
Explanation:
Tocqueville and Madison both believed that the political atmosphere of the united states was influenced by interest groups. These interest groups represent the common interest or problems a community is facing. Although they acknowledged the negative sides of these faction groups but they were in view that they were natural and essential for political setup and towards an egalitarian society.
I believe the answer to you question is
Augustus
