Answer:
In this excerpt, we can see the use of metaphor. Here is this line:
"...men and women decided to rise from the dark dungeons of complacency to the bright hills of creative protest?"
Type of Figurative Language:
A metaphor is a figure of speech that is used to make a comparison between two things (objects) that aren't similar, but they have some characteristics in common. Example: You are a light of my life (it doesn't mean that something is literary light to someone, no one can provide physical light. This metaphor means that someone brings happiness to another one).
Meaning of Figurative Language:
In our case, we have two metaphors in this line:
men and women decided to rise from the dark dungeons of complacency - it means that men and women were hiding their complacency, and this hiding was compared to a gloom, dark place (dungeon) where they kept their emotion and feeling of smug or uncritical satisfaction with themselves.
men and women decided to rise from the dark dungeons of complacency to the bright hills of creative protest - it doesn't mean that men and women took their protest to a literal hill and put it there, no. It means that their feeling of protest was that high and strong that they couldn't keep it secret anymore; it reached the highest point of patience, and they protested.
Effect on Tone and Mood:
In our case, it creates an image of how miserable Negro men and women were, how they endured their hard lives, so that decided to rise in a protest. The mood is tense at first, then it creates an uplifting mood, full of strength to fight the injustice.
Effect on Audience:
The use of these metaphors helped a writer to depict creatively and interestingly about the feelings and life of men and women. It helped to create a strong image in the readers' imagination and left a lasting impression.
