The ratio between the masses of Jupiter and Venus is

We can separate the coefficient and the powers of ten:

Use the exponent rule

to simplify the powers of 10:

So, the ratio is

So, Jupiter has a mass that is approximately 400 times greater than Venus's.
You find this value by factoring. Factoring finds the zeros of the function. When the ball hits the ground, it has 0 height. Therefore, when the function goes through the x axis, it has a y value of 0. That means that when y = 0, the ball has hit the ground. Use the quadratic formula to factor

. Notice I rearranged the terms. When you factor that you get zeros of -3.19 and 2.19. The two things in math that will never EVER be negative are time and distance/length. Therefore, that tells us that the ball hits the ground 2.19 seconds after it was thrown.
The transformation is a flip or a reflection