<span>This is speciation. In this process, two distinct species are formed through the intervention of some means such as differing environments or locations. This is done typically as a way of staying evolutionarily competitive in the area in which the species resides. The new species would be the exemplar of that which is best suited to the new conditions.</span>
The carbon atom has unique properties that allow it to form covalent bonds to as many as four different atoms, making this versatile element ideal to serve as the basic structural component, or “backbone,” of the macromolecules. Individual carbon atoms have an incomplete outermost electron shell.
