Answer:
Letter A. <u>Quality through constant innovation and quality assurance training.</u>
Explanation:
Alternative A is correct, as W. Edwards Deming was a pioneer scholar in the application of organizational quality management.
He was responsible for creating the 14 points, which are principles for management that will help the organization to achieve total quality. He was also responsible for popularizing the PDCA Cycle (PLAN, DO, CHECK, ACT), which is a strategic tool widely used worldwide to ensure continuous improvement and the quality of processes and products.
- PLAN: define objectives, methods and resources.
- DO: Perform, educate and train.
- CHECK: Measure and evaluate
- ACT: act correctly.
Continuous improvement can be achieved through the correct and targeted use of the PDCA cycle towards organizational objectives. For Deming, without continuous improvement, there is no survival of the organization in the market, so he argues that continuous improvement must be implemented in all phases of the project, to achieve the benefits of continuous improvement of processes, increased productivity and reduced costs.
Answer:
D. society’s scarce resources are used to produce products that align with consumer preferences
Explanation:
Allocation efficiency is a point in the economy when the goods and services being produced are exactly what the customers or people of the economy want and this is a point of production when marginal social benefit of producing the good is equal to the producers marginal cost.
Answer: 41.90%
Explanation:
First calculate the risk free rate:
Required return = risk free rate + beta * (Market return - risk free rate)
28.95% = rf + 1.85 * (18% - rf)
28.95% = rf + 33.3% - 1.85rf
28.95% = -0.85rf + 33.3%
0.85rf = 33.3% - 28.95%
rf = 4.35%/0.85
rf = 5.12%
New required return;
Required return = risk free rate + beta * (Market return - risk free rate)
= 5.12% + 1.85 * (25% - 5.12%)
= 41.90%
Answer:
Note: <em>The complete question is attached as picture below</em>
1a. The one year spot rate can be calculated using the one year zero bond.
PV * (1 + S1) = FV
1 + S1 = 1000 / 900
S1 = 1.1111 - 1
S1 = 0.1111
S1 = 11.11%
1b. PV of the 2 year bond = $950
Annual coupon = 1000 * 5% = $50
950 = 50 / (1 + S1) + (50 + 1000) / (1 + S2)^2
950 = 50 / 1.1111 + 1,050 / (1 + S2)^2
1,050/ (1 + S2)^2 = 950 - 45 = 905
(1 + S2)^2 = 1050 / 905
1 + S2 = 1.160221/2
S2 = 7.714%
1c. Price of the 2 year zero bond = 1,000 / (1 + 0.07714)^2
Price of the 2 year zero bond = 1,000 / 1.1602
Price of the 2 year zero bond = 861.9203586
Price of the 2 year zero bond = $861.92
