Anger or depression. When he wrote this poem he was in a deep state of depression and sadness. I would likely say melancholy would be a good word.
There is really no specific answer because there are many types of glaciers and different ways they form.
A calculated risk is a chance you take after considering the outcome and an unnecessary chance is a pointless risk that is taken that could be avoided
The word memoria was term for aspects involving memory in Western classical rhetoric. The word is Latin, and can be translated as "memory".
