Answer:
Guanine
Explanation:
C and G
T and U both go together in DNA.
The answer is A. Host
The host is the cell that is infected by viruses, bacteria, or fungi.
The answers are:
- They are formed above Earth's surface - sedimentary rock.
- They form in Earth's crust or mantle - intrusive igneous rock.
- They are solid at room temperature - both.
- They are made of molten rocks called magma - intrusive igneous rock.
- They are made of weathered pieces of rock - sedimentary rock.
- They have a diverse composition. They may contain many types of minerals - both.
The mechanism of action of Bordetella pertussis is to stop the cilia of epithelial cells from beating.
<em>Bordetella pertussis</em> is a pathogenic, gram-negative bacteria. It is the causative agent of highly communicable respiratory disease known as pertussis or whooping cough.
The mechanism of action of Bordetella pertussis:
- This bacterium colonizes the ciliated epithelial cells of the respiratory airways of the host.
- A surface protein on the bacteria called filamentous haemagglutinin adhesin binds to sulfatides on the cilia of epithelial cells. When the bacterium is anchored, it releases tracheal cytotoxin, which prevents the cilia from beating.
- As a result, the cilia in an organism's lungs are unable to sweep out foreign material, and the body reacts by causing the host to cough. When people cough, bacteria are released into the air, where they might spread to other hosts.
- Another toxin called the pertussis toxin, often known as PTx, prevents adenylate cyclase from using ATP to convert to cyclic AMP. This results in over-conversion of ATP to cyclic AMP, which may interfere with cellular signaling systems. As a result, phagocytes are unable to respond to an infection effectively.
Know more about <em>Bordetella pertussis</em> here:
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Answer:
all of these affect enzyme activity
