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The reason i say this is because i don't really want to run into something that i don't know much about. I do know quite a bit about extinct animals more than i do aliens. So, that's my reasoning.
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Answer:
a) not proportional
b) proportional; k =
Step-by-step explanation:
a) for any proportional equation, the line must pass through the origin. The equation in a) is y = 4x + 1, and the '+1' is the y-intercept. This means that the line does not pass through the origin, so x and y cannot increase by the same amount (i.e. they are not proportional).
Another way to determine this is is to use the y = kx base. If you have an equation that fits that it's likely proportional.
Here, if the equation was only y = 4x then it'd be proportional because u can see that k = 4. This is not the equation though, and the 4x + 1 doesn't fit to the y = kx formula so it can't be proportional.
b) straight away you can see that there's no 'c' term (y = mx + c) which means the y-intercept is 0, so the line passes through the origin. While this does not immediately mean the line is proportional, you can make sure that it is by checking it fits with the y = kx equation.
y = -(3/5)x fits with y = kx, with k being -3/5