The answer you are looking for is existentialism. Very popular during the Depression and going into the Second World War.
I believe it's called stimulus discrimination
Stimulus discrimination happens when two different responses happen for a same stimulus.
For example, when you tell dirty jokes to a close co-worker you would most likely get a laugh as a reaction. But if you tell the same joke to Human resources, you would most likely get into trouble.
Answer:
A criminologist, they study criminology and why crimes are commited, as well as the mentality behind.
Explanation:
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The correct answer is homosapien