Firstly, one must understand that the first three options are generally properties of an enzyme and how an enzyme-substrate (ES) complex is formed during a reaction.
Enzymes bind to substrate in two major ways based on the shape of the active site of the enzyme; the lock and key model and the induced fit. The lock and key model is a model in which the active site ordinarily has the shape that can "accommodate"/bind to the substrate directly without any need for any change in the shape of the neither the active site nor the substrate during the process of formation of the enzyme-substrate complex. The induced-fit model is the model <u>in which the active site of the enzyme and/or the substrate undergoes a change in shape as both of them draw close to each other because they ordinarily cannot fit/bind together; the shape of the active site and the substrate are not complementary</u>.
NOTE: The active site is the part of the enzyme in which the substrate binds to.
