The fortified hill being described here is named Acropolis.
Acropolis is one of the most recognizable and important sites in the Greek history and culture. Acropolis means the "highest city" in literal translation and the word itself is used for many other similar sites but only the Acropolis of Athens is known as The Acropolis. The most famous building here is without a doubt Parthenon.
<span>The
economist Julian Simon bet in 1980 that the prices of five free traded
commodities would decline in ten years. In 1990 Simon won this bet against
the neo-Malthusian Paul Ehrlich.</span>
Advanced Research Projects Agency Network- a U.S. department of defense (DOD)
The Crusades were military expeditions organized by western European Christians to keep in check the spread of Islam and recapture former Christian territories that now were Muslim. The Crusades began in 1095 and lasted for almost 200 years.
To some historians, even when these religious wars presented gruesome results, they ultimately were a factor in European civilization development as the growth of the system of indulgences and the reinforced link between Western Christendom, feudalism, and militarism, led to the Protestant Reformation.
I don't know, Tariff, Levy, Toll?