Ans.
In a evolutionary or phylogenetic tree, the nodes represent common ancestral species of the descendants, which are represented by the tips of branches, arising from the nodes.
According to the given evolutionary tree, all organisms are evolved from a common ancestor, represented by the last node, which was present about 13 million years ago. Hence, the option 1). is correct.
The second last node is showing a common ancestor to gorilla, chimpanzee, bonobo, and human, which was evolved to different species about 6 million years ago. Hence, the option 3). is correct.
Thus, the correct options are 'option (1). and option (2).'
The correct answer is the second option, algae. Algae is definitely not considered a kingdom. Algae is a group under the Kingdom Plantae. This organism is completely a diverse group of photosynthetic organisms that are not completely close or related to each other.
Answer:
"Lipids are an essential component of the cell membrane. The structure is typically made of a glycerol backbone, 2 fatty acid tails (hydrophobic), and a phosphate group (hydrophilic)."
Bacteria are identified by the shape and arrangement of cells. The basic shapes are bacillus, spirillus, and coccus. The arrangements may be described by adding prefixes to the shapes...diplococcus would indicate a pair of round bacteria.
