Genetics is a branch of biology concerned with the study of genes, genetic variation, and heredity in living organisms.[1][2][3]
The discoverer of genetics is Gregor Mendel, a late 19th-century scientist and Augustinian friar. Mendel studied "trait inheritance", patterns in the way traits are handed down from parents to offspring. He observed that organisms (pea plants) inherit traits by way of discrete "units of inheritance". This term, still used today, is a somewhat ambiguous definition of what is referred to as a gene.
Trait inheritance and molecular inheritance mechanisms of genes are still primary principles of genetics in the 21st century, but modern genetics has expanded beyond inheritance to studying the function and behavior of genes. Gene structure and function, variation, and distribution are studied within the context of the cell, the organism (e.g. dominance), and within the context of a population. Genetics has given rise to a number of subfields, including epigenetics and population genetics. Organisms studied within the broad field span the domains of life (archaea, bacteria, and eukarya).
Genetic processes work in combination with an organism's environment and experiences to influence development and behavior, often referred to as nature versus nurture. The intracellular or extracellular environment of a cell or organism may switch gene transcription on or off. A classic example is two seeds of genetically identical corn, one placed in a temperate climate and one in an arid climate. While the average height of the two corn stalks may be genetically determined to be equal, the one in the arid climate only grows to half the height of the one in the temperate climate due to lack of water and nutrients in its environment.
Answer:
Meiosis is a process in which sex cells, also known as gametes are made. Meiosis is different from mitosis in a lot of ways, one being that mitosis creates identical daughter cells and meiosis creates unique daughter cells. Meiosis is important because it allow for the creation of a meiosis nucleus. Cells produced by meiosis will be used in haploid, where each member of the next generation is genetically unique.
Cells produced in <u>sexual reproduction</u> will have half of the genetic information of body cells and will be genetically <u>unique</u>. This is necessary because when a sperm and an egg fuse together in sexual reproduction. They form a <u>zygote</u>: the first body of a new individual.
The new individual will now have cells that are <u>diploid</u>, meaning they have two sets of chromosomes. They zygote will have to do a lot of <u>mitosis</u> allowing it to grow quickly and ensure that all of its cells are genetically unique.
Answer:
The students with the purple shirts are moving through the gym doors most often.
Explanation:
- The students with the purple shirts represent potassium ions
- Potassium ions move freely across the membrane by passive transport and are important in maintaining membrane potentials
- The movement of sodium ions is through active transport therefore this is a process that requires energy (ATP) and thus these ions are less likely to move across the membrane often
<span>The
answer is bone. A new technique of
observing Harris lines (between the diaphysis and epiphysis of long bones), by
use of radiography, of bone is being used to postulate ancient diet of populations.
This is especially used to determine
stressful periods that were characterized
by poor diet (deficiencies) by comparing carbon
and nitrogen isotope ratios</span>
