In the classic sense, American imperialism is a myth. The US never had a policy either stated or understood of importing cheap raw material and requiring vassal states or colonies to accept expensive manufactured goods, as did for England. The dominance of American culture and products in the mid 20th century was mostly the result of people in other nation craving the standard of living enjoyed in the world's largest democracy.
Pope Urban II calls the first crusade - this event was caused as Byzantine Emperor Alexius I made an appeal to Urban for assistance. Urban united Christian Europe to fight against the Turks to take back the Holy Land.
Urban degraded Muslims in speeches with exaggerating stories of anti-Christian acts, giving the united Christian Europe a common enemy and a promised reward.
The Christians were, however, initially beaten back due to inexperience and lack of discipline.
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Scholars played numerous roles in the beginning of the italian renaissance but perhaps the most significant is that they spread the ideas of the books that made everything possible.
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During this period typography, and Compass were invented.
