<em>C. Individualism</em>
Explanation:
The European Renaissance took place after the Dark Ages. The Dark Ages was where a lot of the technical and educational advances were lost, but the European Renaissance came back with tons of new scientific and artistic ideas.
Many new artists, composers, and scientists were around during this time and spreading new cultures and ideas among not only just Europe, but among the globe.
Some ideologies and philosophies became very popular during this time. Individualism was just one of the ideologies that became popular, which was a sense of independence, and that just one person alone can make very amazing things happen.
Humanism is related to individualism, but it is more of a philosophy. Humanism was the idea that all people should try to be educated and prosper in ways of the arts, sciences, writing, composing, and other important values that boomed during the Renaissance.
It explains why the framers of the constitution made our government a republican.
B. The U.S. declared war on Japan after the attack on Pearl Harbor. While it was an important naval base, and that was the reason that the Japanese attacked it, in the grand scheme of things it didn't matter all that much, considering the U.S. at the time was focusing its naval efforts on the Atlantic rather than the Pacific, though it did have one eye open. However, when the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor, that's when the Pacific got hot and war was declared.
tl;dr the answer is B
The Roman King enacted bread and circus.
