A disadvantage of social behaviour is that you are very dependent on others opinions and support and you don’t always say the full truth
Explanation:
Continental drift is the theory which states that the continents of the earth moved away from each other over a period of time. It is believed that this theory was opposed by many scientists because they stated that there weren’t enough evidence of mechanism to prove the drift between the continents.
However, it was also rejected because this theory opposed many ongoing geological theories like geosyncline theory, uniformtarism theory even when sufficient evidences were there to prove the continental drift theory.
Answer:
Mount Rushmore is a great monument honoring U.S. presidents.
Answer:
One way in which complement activation destroys pathogens is by C3b binding to the surface of microbes, which then causes inflammation through histamine and heparin release.
Explanation:
C3b binds to the surface of microbes (opsonin), and functions as a component of C3 and C5 convertases while C3a stimulates inflammation.
The alternative pathway of complement activation is triggered by the deposition of C3b on the surface of a microbe. The microbe- bound C3b binds another protein called Factor B, which is then broken down by a plasma protease called Factor D to generate the Bb fragment.
This fragment remains attached to C3b, and the C3bBb complex functions as an enzyme, called C3 convertase, to break down more C3. The C3 convertase is stabilized by properdin, a positive regulator of the complement system.
As a result of this enzymatic activity, many more C3b and C3bBb molecules are produced and become attached to the microbe. Some of the C3bBb molecules bind an additional C3b molecule, and the resulting C3bBb3b complexes function as C5 convertases, to break down the complement protein C5 and initiate the late steps of complement activation.
The main effectors of the complement system are opsonization, cell lysis and inflammation. It also stimulates B cell responses and antibody production.
Explanation:
In population genetics, the term evolution is defined as a change in the frequency of an allele in a population. ... The allele frequency within a given population can change depending on environmental factors; therefore, certain alleles become more widespread than others during the process of natural selection.
