I believe the answer is Shaping.
Shaping is a reinforcement technique which use a reward that given gradually after the subject is showing a certain desired traits.
On parakeets, this could be done by giving them a food reward everytime they move their head closer to the place where we want it to be (closer to your cheek)
I believe Correlation is not causation" means that just because two things correlate does not necessarily mean that one causes the other. As a seasonal example, just because people in the UK tend to spend more in the shops when it's cold and less when it's hot doesn't mean cold weather causes frenzied high-street spending.
The research method that uses information that has been already collected and made available for the public by governments, businesses and educational institutions are called secondary analysis. Secondary analysis or secondary data analysis take advantage of data that is already available and apply it to new research.
The correct answer is D. secondary analysis.
At the beginning of the great war, many people were actually enthusiastic about the war (and at least supported it), which was fuelled by nationalism ( and the desire to prove themselves better than other nations) and perhaps hopes for territory gain; at the time it was not known that the Great War would come with such a great loss of life.
A division of society based on social and economic status.