I think Is letter A, I hope is good
Answer: D)Job design.
Explanation:Job one of the four major psychological theory of motivation.It is defined as intentional of task to group or individuals in an organisation.
Job design has five major cores which are skill variety,task identity,task significance,autonomous and job feedback.
Italy has attracted settlers for thousands of years because of many reasons, of course, but it's positioning as a prime spot in the Mediterranean Ocean was a major reason.