Preindustrial: trade, missionary, curiosity. Industrial: demand for goods, nationalism.
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The correct answer is option (a). The Harlem Renaissance is also known as "New Negro Movement" (named after the anthology of Allain Locke). This movement took place in Harlem, New York, between 1920 and 1930 and it was an intellectual, artistic and social explosion that served so that artists like Claude McKay could locate the roots of the black experience. In his works McKay rendered the African cultural inheritance being one of his most representative masterpieces "If We Must Die" published in 1919
The correct answer is A) Boost efforts to build a transcontinental railroad.
Yes, it is true that slash-and-burn agriculture helped keep the soil fertile for early farmers, since this kept the soil rich with nutrients from the remains of the crops that were harvested.