The body's nonspecific defiance against invading pathogens is known as innate immunity and includes the following:
mechanical barriers and surface secretions
1. The intact skin and mucous membranes of the body. These provide a high degree of protection against pathogens.
2. The sebaceous secretions and sweat of the skin contain bactericidal and fungicidal fatty acids that can kill bacteria and fungi.
3. Normal bacterial flora of the skin may produce various antimicrobial substances such as bacteriocines and acids.
Humoral defence mechanisms
1. Lysozyme. This is an enzyme found in most tissue fluids apart from cerebrospinal fluid, urine, and sweat. It can kill bacteria.
2. Interferon. Inhibits viruses from replicating
3. Complement. This is a heat labile serum that can destroy gram-negative bacteria.
Answer:
Scientists studying the effects of warming on boreal forests which change the biome.
Explanation:
The main effect of warming on boreal forests is to change the biome because the plants and animals will not tolerate the increased temperature which occcurs due to climate change so the plants and animals disappeared from the boreal forests and change its biome. The animals migrated to other suitable environment where they continue its growth and increase their population. If climate projections are correct, the biome of this forest go to those places where the environment is suitable.
Answer:
C
Explanation:
According to the trend line graph the temperature is 20°C after 45 minutes
1.the air cannot support any additional water vapr
2.endothermic reactions
3.50%
4.false
5. false
