When new habitat is made available, organisms can diversify rapidly. this can be gradual or punctuated this process called as adaptive radiation.
<h3>What is Habitat?</h3>
The term "habitat" in ecology refers to the variety of resources, physical characteristics, and biotic elements that exist in a region and are necessary for a specific species to survive and reproduce. An animal's habitat can be thought of as the outward representation of its biological niche.
Thus, the term "habitat" refers to a specific species and is fundamentally distinct from ideas like the environment or vegetation assemblages, which are better described by the term "habitat-type."
The physical elements could consist of things like soil, moisture, temperature range, and light intensity, for instance. The availability of food and the existence or absence of predators are examples of biotic variables. Every species has certain habitat needs; habitat generalist species can survive in a variety of environmental circumstances, whereas habitat specialist species need a specific habitat.
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Answer: b. chemoautotrophs
Explanation: chemoautotrophs are organisms that obtain energy, molecules, water by the oxidation of electron donors in their environments. Chemoautotrophs are able to synthesize their own organic molecules from inorganic sources. They are different from phototrophs who requires sunlight to make their own food
Answer: Bacteria gain resistance to drugs because of mutations (permanent and random changes to their DNA) which means they have changed DNA coding, giving them the ability to resist the drug fighting them off. As a result, they survive and reproduce. Over time, more and more bacteria are generated as the DNA code for resistance is passed on over generations. This results in bacteria having the ability to resist drugs. This is particularly prevalent with antibiotics.
C. Commensalism
"An association between two organisms in which one benefits and the other derives neither benefit nor harm."
Cross over is the first way genes are shuffled to give rise to genetic diversity. Cross over takes place in sexual reproduction. The normal way that cross over occurs is chromosomes line up side by side and break off pieces of themselves, then trade those pieces with each other.
If they break the pieces at the same locus in the sequence of base pairs, the result is an exchange of genes called genetic recombination and it ensures that the daughter cells produced have a different genetic makeup from the parent cell and thus diversity occurs.
