An operating system (OS) is the program that, after being initially loaded into the computer by a boot program, manages all the other programs in a computer. ... In addition, users can interact directly with the operating system through a user interface such as a command line or a graphical user interface (GUI).Operating system is like a nervous system and the processor is brain.
Drivers
In order for the operating system to talk to your hardware, it needs drivers. Drivers teach the operating system to interact with each bit of hardware. Graphics cards, sound cards, networking cards, USB peripherals, and everything else you connect to your computer relies on drivers. The operating system then uses these drivers to ensure correct operation of each device.
Memory Management
All computers have random access memory, or RAM. Unlike hard drive storage, which is relatively permanent, RAM is what remembers everything you're doing in the moment. If you have a browser, photo editor, music program, and messaging application open, all of your progress and the status of each are stored in the RAM. The operating system works with your RAM sticks to control how much memory is used by each application, including the OS itself.
CPU Control
Your computer's processes are executed by its central processing unit, or CPU. Signals sent to and from the CPU determine what happens, and in what order. The operating system works with the CPU to create a checklist of processes to execute and ensures that each gets done. A CPU can only perform one task at a time; because CPUs are so incredibly fast, it gives the illusion of many simultaneous tasks. The operating system controls the priority of each task and sees them through to completion.
Fans and Cooling
One of the most important components of your computer is its cooling system. The CPU fan keeps the CPU from overheating in moments of high stress. Overheating can cause permanent damage to a CPU. The operating system communicates with both the CPU and the fan to help ensure the PC stays cool. This process is also assisted by the motherboard's internal controls, known as the BIOS, and can be overwritten by applications running in the OS.
