The judicial branch of the U.S. government is the system of federal courts and judges that interprets laws made by the legislative branch and enforced by the executive branch. At the top of the judicial branch are the nine justices of the Supreme Court, the highest court in the United States.
Federal courts enjoy the sole power to interpret the law, determine the constitutionality of the law, and apply it to individual cases. The courts, like Congress, can compel the production of evidence and testimony through the use of a subpoena.
Answer: Italy has attracted settlers for thousands of years because of many reasons, of course, but it's positioning as a prime spot in the Mediterranean Ocean was a major reason.
Explanation:
This week in our series, Steve Ember and Shirley Griffith continue the story of Thomas Jefferson's second term as president.
In the early 1800s, Britain and France were at war with each other. The United States remained neutral. President Jefferson did not want to become involved in a war. He believed it would destroy all the progress he had made.
His economic policies had helped to pay much of the national debt. And he was able to reduce taxes. Staying neutral was not easy, however. The United States was having trouble with Britain.
For many years, Britain had been taking men by force to serve in its navy. The custom was called 'impressment.' Britain claimed the right to impress -- or seize -- any British citizen, anywhere.
Conditions in the British navy were not good at that time, and many sailors deserted. Some went to work on American ships. The American ships were stopped and searched in British waters.
Anyone born in Britain was seized. Several thousand sailors were taken off American ships during the early 1800s. Sometimes, American citizens were taken by mistake.
Impressment was one of two major problems the United States was having with Britain in the early 1800s. The other problem was trade.
Britain wanted to stop the United States from trading with France and its colonies. British warships blocked the port of New York all through the year 1805. No American ship could leave without being searched. When goods for France were discovered, the ship was taken to Halifax on the coast of Canada.
There, a British court had the power to seize the goods and force the ship's owners to pay a large amount of money.
President Jefferson protested this interference in American trade. He sent James Monroe to London to negotiate a treaty. Jefferson wanted Britain to stop taking sailors from American ships, and to stop interfering in the trade of neutral nations. Monroe tried many times to discuss such an agreement. But the British foreign minister was always too busy to see him.
In Washington, Congress decided to act and not wait for a treaty. The House of Representatives debated two proposals.
One proposal would stop all goods from being imported into the United States from Britain and its colonies. Imports would be permitted only after Britain had answered America's protests.
The representative who offered the proposal said: "We do not wish to destroy the ties that ought to join nations of the same interests. To prevent this, we want an agreement that will satisfy both the United States and Britain. But if Britain continues its hostile acts, then we must loosen these ties of friendship."
Answer with Explanation:
Transportation innovation greatly contributed to the <em>American national unity </em>by uniting the nations that were growing during those times. It provided an ease when it comes to <u>trading </u>because goods from the different cities and towns were travelled/transported through newly built<em> transportations.</em>
An example of this is the "steamboat" which was first used in the<em> Hudson River </em><em>(1807). </em>This hastened the trading which navigated the rivers, thereby <em>lessening the cost.</em>
Another example is the "steam railroads"<em> (1830). </em>These didn't only helped with the trading but also started carrying passengers who wanted to travel from one place to another. They successfully<u> replaced the use of horses.</u>
Such transportations grew and connected the whole country, especially in terms of <em>economy, culture and politics.</em>
Cities had the most job opportunities for displaced people who needed immediate income.
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