Religion caused many Arabs to move through the Middle East.
During the 600s CE, an Arab expansion took place all over the Middle East. During these years, Muslim conquests became common, and this led to the establishment of unified Arabic empires, or "caliphates."
I believe your answer would be places. Because a grid system makes it easier to find a location on a map. Hope this helps!
The water cycle affects weather as the condesation of evaported water creates percipatation, rain, snow, hail, etc.
D - Mongolia. This is because it is a landlocked country which means it is only surrounded by countries, not oceans. Therefore, it would not have access to big oceans/seas.