By injecting Mesenchymal Stem Cells with ability to express high amount of Akt or protein kinase B in myocardium, researchers witnessed restored cardiac function and inhibition of ventricular remodeling. The effect was seen after two weeks of administration of cells. The culture containing hypoxic Akt-MSCs (conditioned medium) inhibits apoptosis or cell death induced due to hypoxia. Also, it triggers in vitro contraction of cardiomyocytes, the cardiac cells specifically responsible for contraction function.
The desired functional improvement can occur in short time which is less than 72 hours, the reason for which was hypothesized as paracrine action of cells. Hypothesis was proved by upregulation of genes that code for factors responsible for above mentioned effects (apoptosis and contraction). The factors are FGF-2, VEGF, HGF etc.
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Plants absorb sunlight and turn that energy into food; the process is known as photosynthesis. This is a compound word made up of photo (which means "light") and synthesis (which means "to put together").
When new emperical evidence is discovered
Answer:
This situation is an example of opportunity cost.
Explanation:
Opportunity cost is a term widely used in the economy, but it can be applied to other areas. This term refers to a choice that must be made between two factors. However, choosing one factor promotes the renouncement of opportunities that the other factor would provide.
An example of this can be easily seen in the question above, where in order to increase the availability of food for orcas and decrease the threat of extinction of this animal, it will be necessary to remove the d*ms from the region. However, if the d*ms in the region are removed, it will not be possible to offer low-cost energy to the population, which can negatively influence the local economy.
