Answer:
Correct Answer:
d. none of the above
Explanation:
Payback method is a simple accounting method used to projects incoming cash flows from a given project and identifies the break even point between profit and paying back invested money for a given process.
- It should be noted that the failure to vaccinate some children isn an external cost. [See the attached graph]
- The social cost curve is also indicated accordingly.
- From an efficiency perspective, subsidizing vaccines <em>does</em> make sense because, without the subsidy, the equilibrium quantity is <em>less</em> than the socially optimal quantity.
- The school nurse suggests publishing a list of which kids did not get a flu vaccine, in the hope that public shaming will lead people to vaccinate their children. The school nurse is hoping that social norms will act like a <em>punishment </em>and lead the market to a<em> socially efficient </em>
- The flaws that the school nurse's suggestion have are:
- People that feel passionate about not vaccinating are typically doing so for medical or religious reasons and will not sway to social norms or peer pressure. (Option B)
- The school would potentially face a lawsuit because sharing protected health information (PHI), like immunization records, without parents' consent could be a violation depending on the regulations of the state. (Option C)
<h3>What is social Cost?</h3>
In neoclassical economics, the social cost is the total of the transaction's private costs plus the costs imposed on consumers as a result of being exposed to the process for which they are not rewarded or taxed.
In other words, it is the total of internal and external expenses.
Learn more about social cost:
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Answer:
- Single asset = Coefficient of Variation
- Portfolio = Beta
Explanation:
When dealing with standalone risk, coefficient of variation is best because it shows the amount by which the asset's returns might deviate from the average returns of the market.
As for portfolio assets that are well diversified, the best measure would be beta because diversified portfolios deal with systematic risk and beta shows the movement of the portfolio in relation to the market and so will show that systematic risk.
Answer:
a) Bond rating is done by evaluating and considering all the relevant internal as well as external factors associated with the financial status of a business.
b) Bond rating helps in analysing the risk associated with the bond by analyzing its credit quality and thus helps investors taking decisions related to their investments.
Explanation:
a) Bond-rating is the letter grading system that is used to indicate the quality of the credit-related to the bond of various organizations. Bond-rating is done by evaluating and considering all the relevant internal as well as external factors associated with the financial status of a business. Internal factors may include the financial strength of the organization. External factors may include various networks with interested investors and other government organizations and policies related to the same.
There are three important agencies that analyze the credit quality of a bond. These agencies are Standard & Poor's, Moody's, and Fitch rating Inc.
b) Bond-rating help in analyzing the risk associated with the bond by analyzing its credit quality and thus helps investors taking decisions related to their investments. It helps the investors to study the stability and quality of a bond. Hence, higher-rated bonds are considered to be more stable and appropriate for investment purposes.