Crossing over occurs but on in meiosis 1
Answer:
a. resolve the branching patterns (evolutionary history) of the Lophotrochozoa
b. (the same, it is repeated)
Explanation:
Nemertios (ribbon worms) and foronids (horseshoe worms) are closely related groups of lofotrocozoa. Lofotrocozoans, or simply trocozoans (= tribomastic celomados with trocophoric larva) are a group of animals that includes annelids, molluscs, endoprocts, brachiopods and other invertebrates. They represent a crucial superphylum for our understanding of the evolution of bilateral symmetry animals. However, given the inconsistency between molecular and morphological data for these groups, their origins were not entirely clear. In the work linked above, the first records of genomes of the Nemertine worm Notospermus geniculatus and the foronid Phoronis australis are presented, along with transcriptomes along the adult bodies. Our phylogenetic analyzes based on the genome place Nemertinos as the sister group of the taxon that contains Phoronidea and Brachiopoda. It is shown that lofotrocozoans share many families of genes with deuterotomes, suggesting that these two groups retain a common genetic repertoire of bilaterals that do not possess ecdisozoans (arthropods, nematodes) or platizoos (platelets, sydermats). Comparative transcriptomics demonstrates that foronid and brachiopod lofophores are similar not only morphologically, but also at the molecular level. Although the lofophore and vertebrates show very different cephalic structures, the lofophorees express the vertebrate head genes and neuronal marker genes. This finding suggests a common origin of the bilaterial pattern of the head, although different types of head will evolve independently in each lineage. In addition, we recorded innate immunity expansions of lineage-specific and toxin-related genes in both lofotrocozoa and deuterostomes. Together, this study reveals a dual nature of lofotrocozoans, in which the conserved and specific characteristics of the lineage shape their evolution.
Answer: <u>Fascism</u> rejects the ideas of individual freedom and equality, instead arguing that hierarchies of superior and inferior are inherent in all human relationships.
Explanation:
Government that plays a role like a one party dictatorship followed fascism. In fascism nation's rights come before the rights of an individual. Countries that followed fascism run by a centralized government headed by a dictator. Fascists governments try to control all aspects of life including work, school,social and family life etc. Fascism is much common and practiced ideology around the time of world war 2. Large numbers of people were killed, who either didn't like or oppose fascism. And even many people were killed in the war initiated by fascist governments.
Answer:
Because genetic engineering is no longer based off the natural science of life it is humanly modified which concerns the ethical reasoning of human life and can lead to non humanly right creations
Explanation:
