"Cell Biology. the first stage of mitosis or meiosis in eukaryotic cell division, during which the nuclear envelope breaks down and strands of chromatin form into chromosomes." -From www.dictionary.com
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Answer:
The sugar phosphate backbone is an important stuctural component of DNA. ... These sugars are linked together by a phosphodiester bond, between carbon 4 of their chain, and a CH2 group that is attached to a phosphate ion. They are extremely important in the function of DNA.
Explanation:
In biology, a relationship between individuals of two species in which one species obtains food or other benefits from the other without either harming or benefiting the latter.
Answer: It is then the space in which the life of living beings and the interaction between them and other things takes place. It is made up of living organisms, abiotic elements and artificial elements. It includes physical, chemical and biological components of the organisms and elements that form it. It is important because it is the place of habitat of humanity, it provides natural elements such as water and food, it provides fuels and raw materials that serve to manufacture artificial things and it contributes to the sustainability of life on the planet.
Explanation:
The environment is a system made up of living organisms (such as animal and plants), abiotic elements (lifeless, such as stones or water) and artificial elements (created by man, such as buildings) that are related to each other and can be modified by human action. <u>It is then the space in which the life of living beings and the interaction between them takes place</u>.
It includes physical, chemical and biological components of the organisms and elements that form it. That is, how is its composition and its function in the environment.
The importance of the environment lies in:
- It is the place of habitat of humanity, so it influences the life of human beings and future generations. It is the space where life develops at this time with all living beings and their natural components.
- It provides natural elements such as water and food since it offers all its natural resources needed by the human being.
- It provides fuels and raw materials that serve to manufacture the artificial things we use daily, to build houses, have light, transport, among many other benefits to exist.
- In the environment we find a great biological diversity of plants and animals that help maintain the ecological balance of the earth. This contributes directly to the sustainability of life on the planet. Each organism has a unique role to play.
Therefore, all societies must guarantee their care for their existence and make rational use of all their resources.
Answer:
Adaptive immune responses are triggered by activation of antigen-specific T cells that produce antibodies against foreign antigens such as, for example, harmful viruses. These immune responses are useful to eliminate dangerous molecules from the body. In a normal immune reaction, the antibodies produced by T-cells target antigen molecules in order to be subsequently absorbed by phagocytic macrophage cells.
Autoimmune diseases are triggered by the response of the adaptive immune system against self-antigen molecules. Since the immune system can not eliminate antigens from the own body, this immune reaction generates an excessive inflammatory response, and it may lead to the damage of tissues and organs.