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Answer:b. an mRNA transcript to which multiple ribosomes are attached
Explanation: polysome consist of mRNA complex and two or more ribosome coming together to translate mRNA into a polypetide or amino acid. It helps produce many polypeptide from a single mRNA.
Different ribosomes bind to the mRNA at different time elongating the polypeptide chain. We have the free( non-poly A ) and memberane bound (poly A) polysome.
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Answer:
In eukaryotic cells you find core and proximal promoters.
Promotors are specific DNA sequences where transcription factors (proteins) and RNA polymerase binds to initiate transcription. Promotors are located upstream the coding sequence
Core promoters are where RNA polymersae binds and proximal promoters are where transcription factors bind.
Enhancer elements are DNA sequences where transcription factors (proteins) bind to increase the rate of expresion of an specific gene. Enhancers can be located either upstream, downstream or thousands of nucleotids away from the of the coding region.
Explanation:
Promoters and enhancer are key elements for controling gene regulation. Transcription begins when chromatin rearranges from a condensed state to a accesible state, this allow to transcrition factors and RNA polymerase to bind specif DNA sequences (promotors). Proteins bind to enhancers , this complex develops a DNA loop, so that the protein that is bound to the enhancer interacts with the RNA polymersase. When this interaction is made, the activity of the RNA polymerase is increased.
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