As activators that increase transcription initiation or decrease action of transcription initiation of related gene, transcription factors that bind to enhancers have an impact on genes thousands of base pairs distant.
Because the DNA between the enhancer and the promoter loops out, transcription factors bound to the enhancer can communicate with the basic transcription machinery directly. A few proteins that act as transcription regulators bind to enhancers, that are regulatory components located outside the gene they are meant to activate. DNA sequences known as insulators prevent enhancers from working. Insulators may work by creating chromatin loops that connect interconnected areas of genes and regulatory components.
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Answer:
Production of surfactant Secretion of mucus
Explanation:
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Most receptor proteins are embedded in the l<span>ipid bilayer of the cell membrane.</span>
Ligaments are strips of tough tissues that serves as connective tissue for two or more bones and cartilages. These also holds the joints together. They also serve to protect and support the internal organs. Some of the most known ligaments in the body are that of the knees.