Answer:
Bacteria in the lungs may play a major role in disease — and health. Researchers have just mapped where the bacteria are and how they arrived, paving the way for more discoveries about the lung microbiome.
Explanation:
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Answer:
Hypertonic
Explanation:
Hypertonic solution is a solution that has higher concentration of solute outside the cell than inside the cell. It has higher osmotic pressure than another solution.
Example is any glucose solution that with a concentration higher than 5%.
Answer:
The culture medium must be selective
Explanation:
Selective media are the media that have those ingredients which favor the growth of a particular bacterium and inhibit the growth of unwanted bacteria. So a selective media is used to selectively grow a particular micro-organism.
For example, MacConkey agar is a selective media that is used to isolate gram-negative enteric bacteria based on lactose fermenting ability. It contains ingredients like bile salt and crystal violet which inhibits the growth of gram-positive bacteria therefore it only allows the growth of gram-negative bacteria.
<em>Staphylococcus</em> <em>epidermidis</em> is a gram-positive bacteria and <em>E.coli</em> is gram-negative enteric bacteria so MacConkey agar can be used to select E.coli over <em>Staphylococcus</em> <em>epidermidis</em>. So the correct answer is the culture media must be selective.
Answer:
Following heat shock or electroporation, transformed cells are cultured in antibiotic-free liquid medium for a short period to allow expression of antibiotic resistance gene(s) from the acquired plasmid to begin (Figure 5). This step improves cell viability and cloning efficiency.
