Answer:
1. Classes and objects
2. Inheritance
3. Polymorphism
4. Data hiding/ encapsulation
5. Interfaces.
Explanation:
Classes and objects depict the major component of the OOP (object oriented programming). It explains the object like a ball in a soccer game development.
The inheritance is like the subclass of the object. Data hiding is a stage in oop where the codes or data are hidden from another users.
In the polymorphism stage, the object is given the ability to change to a sub-object, while in the interface stage a function or method signature is defined without implementing it.
Answer:
1.word = "George slew the dragon"
startIndex = word.find('dr')
endIndex = startIndex + 4
drWord = word[startIndex:endIndex]
2. sentence = "Broccoli is delicious."
sentence_list = sentence.split(" ")
firstWord = sentence_list[0]
Explanation:
The above snippet is written in Python 3.
1. word is initialized to a sentence.
Then we find the the occurence of 'dr' in the sentence which is assign to startIndex
We then add 4 to the startIndex and assign it to endIndex. 4 is added because we need a length of 4
We then use string slicing method to create a substring from the startIndex to endIndex which is assigned to drWord.
2. A string is assigned to sentence. Then we split the sentence using sentence.split(" "). We split based on the spacing. The inbuilt function of split returns a list. The first element in the list is assigned to firstWord. List uses zero based index counting. So. firstWord = sentence_list[0] is use to get first element.
