Answer:
1. proactive; retroactive interference
Explanation:
The interference of memory occurs when it combines or distort with another memory/info (whether old or new) making one forget information because of this confusion.
Proactive interference is when old memories muddle with the new one making remembering difficult. As for the Retroactive interference it's the opposite; occurs when we forget an old task/memory due to learning a new one.
Tortoise differ from turtles in four aspects, but the most important is that tortoises are terrestrial and turtles are from the sea: First, turtles live only 15 to 20 years, the longest 30 years, while tortoises live 100 years on average, reaching one up to 180 years. Second, the turtle has the soft shell to swim, while the tortoise has hard shell to defend itself on land. Third, tortoises are animals with long paws and nails, while turtles have fins and can not walk ashore; finally the turtles are peaceful and calm, while tortoises are adapted to a hostile environment and are brave and ferocious animals.