The phrase, "L'etat, c'est moi" demonstrates the philosophy of absolutism under King Louis XIV.
Absolute monarchy or absolutism refers to that the sovereign power or ultimate authority in the state rested in the hands of a king who claimed to rule by divine right.
Louis XIV, refered to as Louis the Great (Louis le Grand) or the Sun King (Roi Soleil), was a monarch of the House of Bourbon who reigned as King of France from 1643 until his death in 1715.
He began his personal rule of France in 1661, following the death of his chief minister, the Italian Cardinal Mazarin
The best option from the list in terms of the philosophy of absolutism under King Louis XIV would be "“L’etat, c’est moi” since this means "The state, it is I"--which implies that he is the sole source of power in the state.
They can be harmful because these communications can be between large money donors and the candidates, which can lead to a conflict of interest and affect the candidates message.
