During the Victorian Era, the middle class wasn't very large. The middle class consisted of shopkeepers, merchants, clerks, businessmen, bankers, doctors, and etc. Many people in the middle class could make on average 100-5,000
People also referred to the higher class who had commodity’s as the Bourgiuse
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I believe you are referring to the book of John in the bible
the book of john cautions against syncretism of christian religion and the holding of doctrines that are heretical.
syncretism is the mixing of various views into a culture or religion, that was spreading quickly in the early church.
Surface is wind- driven currents. Deep water currents are caused by the masses and or temperatures in the water.