Answer:
In the last decade of the 19th century, African Americans suffered segregation, exclusion, discrimination and racism. The Civil War assured the freedom of around 4 million black people. Despite the adoption of the 14th amendment and being given legal rights to elect and be elected, black people faced huge social and political inequality.
In the South, state legislatures had passed a series of laws that impeded African Americans from participating in elections. Poll taxes and literacy tests were put in place and turned into formidable barriers for the black southern populations given their poverty and lack of education. Those were the Jim Crow laws.
In 1896, a landmark US Supreme Court decision upheld segregated but equal faciliities for different racial groups as constitutional, validating the Jim Crow laws. That was the situation of African Americans by the late 19th century.
Explanation:
1. According to the second paragraph, members of the Royal Society discussed BIOLOGY, PHYSICS AND ASTRONOMY.
From the passage, it was recorded that, the members of the society met in certain days to discuss several subjects which include:physics, anatomy, geometry, navigation, statics, magnetics, chemics, mechanics, natural experiments, stars, etc.
2. According to the fourth paragraph, members did not want to eliminate the works of ARISTOTLE but instead built on it.
From the passage, it was recorded that the members of the Royal Society had no intention to underrate the works of Aristotle; instead they have great esteem for him and considered him to be a very great man.
OK so basically its purpose was to give financial aid to European countries so that they could rebuild after the devastation of world war II
