Daniel Nathans and Hamilton Smith who discover the Impermanence of Sexual Phenotypes as to the absolute statement.
Phenotypic sex is refer to an individual's sex as intent by their internal genitalia, expression of secondary sex attribute, and behavior.
Crossing over produces modern combinations of alleles. Not unused alleles but unused combinations which can result in modern phenotypes or expanded assortment of phenotypes. This way the there's expanded genotype/phenotype variety but the genuine qualities are still the same ones.
Bacteria is one. I dont know what the choices are though
C, The lack of evolution in pathogens is the contributing reason behind emerging disease in human beings.