D.none of the above. my final answer
Answer:
Nondisjunction
Explanation:
Nondisjunction occurs when chromosomes do not align and separate properly prior to the formation of daughter cells, during meiosis I or II. This means that some gametes are missing some chromosomes, and other gametes have extra chromosomes.
This is usually lethal, however, some genetic disorders in humans are caused by chromosome nondisjunction. For example, Down's syndrome is caused when the original gamete has an extra copy of chromosome 21, meaning the individual contains 3 copies of chromosome 21.
Subdividing [0, 1] into 10 equally spaced intervals of length 
gives the partition
![[0,1] = \left[0,\dfrac1{10}\right] \cup \left[\dfrac1{10},\dfrac2{10}\right] \cup \cdots \cup \left[\dfrac9{10},1\right]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5B0%2C1%5D%20%3D%20%5Cleft%5B0%2C%5Cdfrac1%7B10%7D%5Cright%5D%20%5Ccup%20%5Cleft%5B%5Cdfrac1%7B10%7D%2C%5Cdfrac2%7B10%7D%5Cright%5D%20%5Ccup%20%5Ccdots%20%5Ccup%20%5Cleft%5B%5Cdfrac9%7B10%7D%2C1%5Cright%5D)
The 
-th subinterval has left and right endpoints, respectively, given by
where 
.
The midpoint of the -th interval is the average of these,
We approximate the area under 
over [0, 1] by the Riemann sum,
(D)
The correct answer is C) Humanism.
A "new" philosophical idea that took hold in the Renaissance and was strongly reflected in its arts was Humanism.
Renaissance Humanism gave new meaning to the 15th and 16th centuries, transforming the old dark age of the Medieval times into a series of new ideas and concepts in thinking and art.
Renaissance Humanism meant the growth of humanity using its brain to develop new ideas beyond the limited concepts taught by religion during the Middle Age. Education was an important factor to change the mind of the people to the degree that Renaissance Humanism considered humans as the center of the Universe. Renaissance started in Florence, Italy, one of the most powerful city-states of that time, ruled by the wealthy Medici family that sponsored great artists of the time such as Leonardo Da Vinci.
